Means for propelling ships



(No Model.)

. J. B. PINGHARD.

MEANS FOR PROPELLING SHIPS, (Sac. No. 586,390. Patented July 13, 1897.

UNITED STATES PATENT CEEIQE.

JEAN BAPTISTE PINCl-IARD, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

MEANS FOR PROPELLING SHIPS, 81,0.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 586,390, dated July 13, 1897.

Application filed July 22, 1896.

E0 CLZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JEAN BAPTISTE PINCH- ARD, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city and county of San Francisco, in the State of California, have invented new and useful Means of Propulsion for Ships, Boats, or Vessels, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object to provide a substitute for the propellers hitherto employednamely, the screw, paddle -wheel, oar, &c.such a substitute as will greatly increase the speed of all water-craft and at the same time lessen materially the draft on the propelling power.

Referring to the drawings hereunto annexed, in two sheets, for a description of my said invention, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic plan showing the outline of a Vessel to the sides of which my improved means of propulsion have been applied. Fig. 2 is a broken elevation of one of the ships sides, giving a face View of the propelling appliance, on an enlarged scale. Fig. 3 is a top or edge view of the construction represented at Fig. 2. Fig. 4: is a cross-section on the line a; as, Fig. 2, looking to the right. Fig. 5 is a similar view taken from the line y y of the same, Fig. 2, the propelling apparatus being shown in an operative position.

Let A represent a steamship; B, the engine thereof; 0, its boiler, and D the propellershaft driven by said engine. This propellershaft is placed transversely across the hull amidships and the ends of it are projected through the ships sides, where they are fitted in suitable bearings. Each end of said shaft carries atwo-throw crank d, the outer end of which is borne by a bracket or hanger a, fastened to the ship on the outside.

The cranks cl are made to reciprocate winged frames, boards, or planks E E to which they are connected by rods cl (1 These frames are set in the water edgewise by the sides of the ship, where they are held and arranged to slide back and forth between rollers 6 e bearing on their top and bottom edges. Each one of said frames has a number of wings or flaps F F connected thereto by hinges f. These hinges are made and placed in such a way that the several series of wings will close or fold under the pressure Serial No. 600,153. (No model.)

of the water when the frames carrying them slide forward in the position represented in the left half of Figs. 1, 2, and 3, and will open or spread out when said frames slide back in the opposite direction, as shown in the-right half of the same figures. WVhen open to their fullest extent, the several wings are arranged to bear against suitable stops, such as pins f f so they may not reach out too far. Similar stops may likewise be used, if needed, to prevent them from being forced inward too far in closing. It will now be seen that when the frames E E are moved forward upon turning the crank-shaft the wings F F hanging to their sides, are closed by the water and slide through it freely without splashing, as in the case of paddle-wheels and oars, 850.; but when said frames are pushed back the wings hinged thereto are opened until they rest against the stops f f so they meet the water squarely and give the ship a powerful impulse forward.

By sliding the winged frames back and forth continuously the ship is thus given a series of impulses which cause it to move ahead with more or less velocity, according to the speed at which the driving-shaft is run and the frames thereto connected are reciprocated. The velocity of the ships motion is kept uniform by having winged frames on opposite sides of the crank-shaft, so they will slide oppositely one to another, as shown, and one set will be at work while the other is being pulled up for another stroke.

The arrangement above set forth operates to propel the ship forward. Now for going backward without waiting to turn the ship provision is made as follows: Extra wings or flaps F F are hinged to the sides of the frames E E in an inverse position to that of the wings or flaps F F, as shown in the first three views of Sheet 1 of the drawings. These additional wings are normally closed and inoperative,being kept un der hooks g g,formed on sliding lock-bars G G which carry also similar but oppositely-pointed hooks g likewise adapted to close and render inoperative the wings F F when said additional wings are brought into play. These lookor bolts g g, passing through slots g g made in them, and they are moved forward or backbars are held in place and guided by screws ward, as required, by sliding bolts H H the ends of which are outwardlybent and adapted, whenever the frames E E are reciprocated, to come into contact with pins g g placed on the under side of each of the bars G G and projected inwardly through'suitable slots in said frames. The bolts H H are slid to and fro by pins h 72 passed through similar slots in the sides of the ship and controlled by interconnected levers H. So long as the levers H are inclined forward that is, to the right, as represented in Figs. 2 and 3the hooks 9* lie over the wings F F and keep them closed, so they will not interfere with the work of the wings F F the hooks g g being in the meanwhile away from the latter and allowing their opening and closing for the forward propulsion of the ship; but by pushing the levers H back-that is, to the left from the position illustrated-the conditionsare completely changed, since then the bolts 11 I1 force the pins g back, and with them the bars G G as soon as the frames E E move forward, thereby causing the hooks I g g to slide away from and free the wings F F and the hooks g g to slide over and lockinsteadthewings FF Thisbeingdone, the wings F F glide through the water without acting on it, while, on the contrary, the wings F F do the propelling, and, as the latter are hinged and operate oppositely tothe former, they of course move the ship backward, and this, it will be observed, is accomplished without reversing the engine or changing the direction of rotation of the crank-shaft, so that the ship can be backed much more quickly than can be effected with other types of propellers. The wings F F rest when opened against the front side ofthe stops or pins f f which are nearest to them, the same being properly bent, as at f f, for the purpose. As many of these reversing or additional wings may be used as are found convenient, though for the sake of simplicity only one has been represented with each wingframe in the accompanying drawings. The

bolts 11 H are so made that when the levers II are again swung forward and the frames moved back the lock-bars will also he slid forward to their formerposition, thereby looking once more the wings F F and liberating the wings F F and the ship will resume its course in a forward direction.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In an apparatus for propelling vessels, suitable guides secured to the side of the vessel, reciprocating frames moving in said guides, and a mechanism for reciprocating the frames, combined with two sets of wings, one for propelling and the other for backing the vessel, hinged to the frames; hooks for locking each set of wings in a closed position, a slide for each frame and to which the two sets of hooks are secured, and means for adjusting each slide so that either set of hooks can be brought into use, substantially as set forth.

2. In an apparatus for propelling vessels,

suitable guides secured to the side of the vessel, a sliding frame moving in the guides, and two sets of wings which operate in opposite directions, combined with an endwise-moving slide carrying hooks for each set of wings, an operating mechanism for moving the slides, located inside of the vessel, and connecting with the slides through the sides of the vessel, substantially as specified. 3. In an apparatus for propelling vessels, asliding frame, provided with stopsff f f*, two-sets of hinged wings F, F F F which operate in opposite directions; and two sets of hooks, turned in opposite directions, for locking either set of wings in a closed position, combined with slides to which the hooks are secured; the pins projecting from the inner sides of the slides, the sliding bolts having outwardly-turned ends, and the levers H, and pins h, 7&2 for reciprocating the bolts, substantially as shown.

4. In a propelling apparatus the combination of a slidable-frame having two sets of oppositely-hinged wings, a locking-bar provided with oppositely-pointed hooks arranged to slide respectively and alternately-over one set of said wings and lock the same, a lever, and suitable connections whereby said lever is made to shift said bar and said hooks, substantially as described.

- In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' J. B. PINOHARD. Vitnesses:

J os. FASSLER, A. H. STE. MARIE. 

